Dooqh, also dugh Kurdish: Abdugh, Azerbaijani: Atlama), also called dugh, shlombay, abdug, or tahn (the last two mostly by Armenians) is a yogurt beverage popular in Iran, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia and the Caucasus and to a lesser extent in other parts of the Middle East. The word Doogh is a noun form from the Persian verb دوشیدن (Dushidan) which means "to milk" thus doogh means "what comes from milking". In Kurdish Abdugh form from "ab"-water and "dugh"-yogurt which means "water that made of yogurt".

Doogh is prepared by beating unflavored yogurt until smooth, and then diluting with water to a consistency similar to whole milk. Salt (and sometimes pepper) is added, and commonly dried mint is mixed in as well. Carbonation is achieved by letting it ferment. Doogh is generally served chilled, or over ice. A variation is adding diced cucumbers to provide an extra "crunch".

Doogh could be either naturally-carbonated or not.


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Recipe

You'll Need:

yogurt (Greek if possible), one glass
carbonated (fizzy) mineral water, 2-3 glasses
dried mint, one teaspoon
dried pennyroyal, one teaspoon (optional)
salt
black pepper (optional)

Procedures:
Beat yogurt until it flows smoothly. Add mint, pennyroyal, salt, and black pepper, and mix well. Add mineral water to yogurt gradually and mix as you add. The quantity of mineral water can be adjusted to obtain the desired density. Place in the frig for a few hours. Mix again before drinking. Carbonated doogh is a popular soft-drink in Iran.

http://www.efreerecipes.com/recipe/1630.html

Persian Calligraphy

Says writer Will Durant: "Ancient Iranians with an alphabet of 36 letters, used skins and pen to write, Instead of ear-then tablets". Such was the creativity spent on the art of writing. The significance of the art of calligraphy in works of pottery, metallic vessels, and historic buildings is such that they are deemed lacking without the adorning decorative calligraphy.

Illuminations, and especially the Quran and works such as the Shahnameh, Divan Hafez, Golestan, Bostan et al are recognized as highly invaluable because of their delicate calligraphy alone. Vast quantities of these are scattered and preserved in museums and private collections worldwide, such as the Hermitage Museum of St. Petersburg and Washington's Freer Gallery of Art among many others.

Styles:

• Shekasteh
• Nasta'liq
• Naskh
• Mohaqqaq
• ...
  
  

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Calligraphy is the highest art form of the Islamic civilization, and like all forms of art that came into contact with Iran, it was enhanced and developed by the Persians. It was practised not only by professional calligraphers, but also by princes and nobles themselves. Calligraphers were an essential requirement for any self-respecting court, both to instruct the prince's children in the principles of the art and to produce manuscripts for the royal library.

Under the Timurids and the Safavids, calligraphy experienced perhaps its most brilliant development. In the late 14^th century Umar Aqta "with amputated hand", wrote a miniature Koran for Timur, which was so small that it could be fitted under the socket of a signet ring. When Timur disapproved of it because, according to a Prophetic tradition the Word of God should be written in big letters, the calligrapher produced another copy in which each was a cubit¹ in length.

Most notable figures

• Mir Ali Tabrizi
• Mir Emad
• Mirza Buzurg-i-Nuri
• Mishkín-Qalam
• Hasan Mirkhani
• Gholam Hossein Amirkhani
• Reza Abedini
• Darvish Abdolmajid Taleghani
• Abbas Nuri
• Mohammad Reza Kalhor
• Mirza Gholam Reza
• Ali Akbar Golestaneh
• Towhidi Tabari

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